Assessing Urban Metabolism through MSW Carbon Footprint and Conceptualizing Municipal-Industrial Symbiosis—The Case of Zaragoza City, Spain

نویسندگان

چکیده

This paper proposes a holistic vision of the urban metabolism (UM), viewing city as subsystem within an industrial ecosystem (IE) in which municipal-industrial symbiosis is essential to achieve sustainability goals. For this purpose, large Spanish city, Zaragoza, was studied by analyzing main fractions its MSW. A methodology based on carbon footprint (CF) developed analyze environmental impact—in terms CO2—of influence households’ behavior, City Council’s strategies, and MSW fractions. Zaragoza’s IE represents 931,250 CO2 tons for studied, 438,000 are due organic fraction, 180,371 plastics 154,607 cardboard, three most significant contributors. If households selectively separated 100% their waste, would drop 648,660 CO2. Furthermore, monetary savings were quantified through emissions price. The proposed accounts CF whole IE, not just city. Moreover, it enables creation Sankey diagrams visualize distribution each subsystem, highlighting importance cooperation between recycling industries reduce CF.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Sustainability

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['2071-1050']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su132212724